Network-on-chip (NoC) has become the mainstream fabric architecture for chip multiprocessor (CMP) design.Owing to the market-driven advancement of modern applications in CMP, multicast traffic is aggressively increasing to support barrier synchronization, multithreading, and cache coherence protocols.Although multicast by branching of packets in th

IntroductionSkeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs or stem cells) play a crucial role in muscle development, maintenance, and regeneration, supporting both hypertrophy and regenerative myogenesis.Syndecans (SDCs) act as communication bridges within the muscle microenvironment, regulating interactions with extracellular matrix components and contrib

Human ADA3, the evolutionarily conserved transcriptional co-activator, remains the unified part of multiple cellular functions, including regulation of nuclear receptor functions, cell proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, chromatin remodelling, genomic stability and chromosomal maintenance.The past decade has witnessed exciting findings leading to

Karim Mukhida1,2, Matthew Bishop2, Murray Hong2, Ivar Mendez21Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, copyright; 2Departments, of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Surgery (Neurosurgery), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaAbstract: Tourette’s syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by m